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GNDU Question Paper - 2020
Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA) 2nd Semester
Communication Skills
Time Allowed – 2 Hours Maximum Marks-35
Note: There are Eight questions of equal marks. Candidates are required to attempt any
Four questions.
1. What is the difference between hearing and listening?
2. Enumerate listening skills in communication.
3. You are Sujata. Call manager of Ritz Hotel to book three rooms for two nights.
4. Prepare a format for note taking or note making process.
5. How can speech be made effective?
6. "Marriages are no more made in heaven". How do you view this proposition?
7. Explain phonatory system of organs of speech.
8. Mark stress in following words :
(i) Chamber
(ii) Delicious
(iii) Embassy
(iv) Glory
(v) Mobile
(vi) Organic
(vii) Vacant.
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GNDU Answer Paper 2020
Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA) 2nd Semester
Communication Skills
1.What is the difference between hearing and listening?
Ans: Hearing and listening are two different processes, although they both involve
perceiving sound. The main difference lies in the level of engagement and comprehension.
Hearing: Hearing is a physical ability. It's the act of perceiving sound through the ears. It's a
natural and passive process that happens involuntarily. When you hear something, your
ears detect the sound waves, and your brain processes them to make sense of the auditory
information. Hearing is a sensory function, and it doesn't necessarily imply understanding or
paying attention.
Listening: Listening, on the other hand, is a conscious and active process. It involves not just
hearing the sounds but also making an effort to understand and interpret the meaning
behind those sounds. Listening requires focus, attention, and concentration. It's not just
about the ears; it's about the mind. Effective listening involves processing the information,
asking questions, and providing feedback. It's a skill that can be developed and improved.
In simpler terms, hearing is like the automatic reception of sounds by your ears, while
listening is the intentional act of making sense of those sounds.
Example: Imagine you're in a classroom, and your teacher is explaining a new concept. You
can hear the words they are saying, but if your mind is wandering or you're thinking about
something else, you're not really listening. Listening would involve actively engaging with
the material, asking questions if something is unclear, and mentally processing the
information.
Key Differences:
Involvement:
• Hearing: Passive, automatic, and natural.
• Listening: Active, intentional, and requires effort.
Mindset:
• Hearing: Can happen without conscious awareness.
• Listening: Requires a conscious decision to focus on and comprehend the
information.
Processing:
• Hearing: Limited to the reception of sound.
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• Listening: Involves understanding, interpreting, and responding to the information.
Attention:
• Hearing: Doesn't necessarily require focused attention.
• Listening: Demands focused attention and mental engagement.
Feedback:
• Hearing: Typically doesn't involve providing feedback.
• Listening: Involves responding, asking questions, or otherwise indicating
understanding.
Purpose:
• Hearing: Simply perceiving sound.
• Listening: Understanding, learning, and effective communication.
In everyday situations, you might hear many sounds around you, like birds chirping, cars
passing by, or people talking. However, listening is what happens when you deliberately pay
attention to a specific source of sound, like a friend telling a story or a teacher giving
instructions.
In summary, while hearing is a natural ability, listening is an active and intentional process
that involves not just the ears but also the mind. Developing good listening skills is essential
for effective communication and understanding in various aspects of life, be it in
relationships, education, or the workplace.
2.Enumerate listening skills in communication.
Ans: Let's break down the key listening skills in communication in simple terms.
1. Attentiveness:
• What it means: Paying close attention to the speaker.
• In simple words: Look at the person who is talking, focus on their words, and don't
let your mind wander.
2. Open-Mindedness:
• What it means: Being receptive to different ideas and perspectives.
• In simple words: Be willing to consider and understand viewpoints that may be
different from your own.
3. Empathy:
• What it means: Understanding and sharing the feelings of the speaker.
• In simple words: Put yourself in the other person's shoes and try to feel what they're
feeling.
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4. Avoiding Interrupting:
• What it means: Allowing the speaker to finish talking before responding.
• In simple words: Wait for your turn to speak. Don't talk over the person who is
sharing.
5. Non-Verbal Cues:
• What it means: Paying attention to body language, facial expressions, and gestures.
• In simple words: Watch how the person looks and moves. Sometimes, what they
don't say is as important as what they do say.
6. Clarification:
• What it means: Seeking additional information to ensure understanding.
• In simple words: If you're not sure about something, ask questions to make sure you
get it right.
7. Summarization:
• What it means: Recapping the key points to confirm understanding.
• In simple words: Repeat back what the person said in your own words to make sure
you got the main ideas right.
8. Patience:
• What it means: Being willing to wait for the speaker to express themselves.
• In simple words: Don't rush the conversation. Let the person take their time to share
their thoughts.
9. Feedback:
• What it means: Providing responses to show you're listening.
• In simple words: Nod your head, say "I see," or use other words to let the person
know you're paying attention.
10. Avoiding Assumptions:
• What it means: Not jumping to conclusions about what the speaker is saying.
• In simple words: Don't assume. Make sure you understand before making
judgments.
11. Focus on the Message, Not the Messenger:
• What it means: Concentrating on what is being said rather than who is saying it.
• In simple words: Pay attention to the content of the message, not just the person
delivering it.
12. Resisting Distractions:
• What it means: Staying focused on the conversation despite potential distractions.
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• In simple words: Put away your phone or any other distractions and concentrate on
the person talking.
13. Tolerating Silence:
What it means: Being comfortable with pauses in the conversation.
In simple words: It's okay if there's a moment of silence. Let the person gather their
thoughts.
14. Recognition of Emotions:
What it means: Identifying and acknowledging the emotions expressed by the speaker.
In simple words: Understand if someone is happy, sad, or angry and respond accordingly.
15. Adaptability:
What it means: Adjusting your listening approach based on the situation.
In simple words: Be flexible in how you listen, depending on whether it's a casual chat or a
serious discussion.
These listening skills are like tools in a toolbox. The more you practice and use them, the
better you become at understanding others and building stronger connections through
communication. Listening is not just about hearing words; it's about truly grasping the
message being conveyed and responding in a thoughtful and considerate manner.
3.You are Sujata. Call manager of Ritz Hotel to book three rooms for two nights.
Ans: Let's simplify the process of calling the manager of the Ritz Hotel, Sujata, to book three
rooms for two nights.
Step 1: Prepare for the Call
Before making the call, make sure you have all the necessary information ready. This
includes the dates you want to book the rooms for, the number of rooms needed, and any
specific preferences or requirements you may have.
Step 2: Dial the Number
Find the phone number for the Ritz Hotel and dial it. You can usually find the hotel's contact
information on their official website or through an online search.
Step 3: Greeting and Introduction
Once the call is answered, you will likely be greeted by the hotel staff. Politely introduce
yourself and let them know you would like to speak with the manager to inquire about
booking rooms.
Example:
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"Hello! This is Sujata. May I speak with the manager, please? I would like to inquire about
booking three rooms for two nights."
Step 4: Speaking with the Manager
When the manager comes on the line, be clear and concise in expressing your request.
Provide the necessary details, such as the dates of your stay, the number of rooms you
need, and any specific requirements or preferences.
• Example:
"Hello, this is Sujata. I'm interested in booking three rooms at the Ritz Hotel for two
nights. The dates I have in mind are [insert dates]. Can you help me with that?"
Step 5: Check Availability and Rates
Ask the manager if the hotel has availability for the specified dates and inquire about the
rates. It's also a good idea to ask if there are any special promotions or discounts available.
• Example:
"Do you have availability for three rooms on [insert dates]? Also, could you please let
me know the rates for those nights? Are there any special promotions or discounts
currently available?"
Step 6: Confirming Details
Once you have the necessary information, confirm the details of your booking. This includes
the number of rooms, the dates of your stay, and the total cost. If there are any additional
details or requirements, make sure to discuss them during this step.
Example:
"Just to confirm, I would like to book three rooms for two nights on [insert dates]. Could you
please provide me with the total cost, including any taxes or fees? Also, are there any
specific details I should be aware of?"
Step 7: Provide Contact Information
Give the manager your contact information, including your full name and a phone number
or email address where they can reach you for any further communication or in case there
are updates regarding your booking.
• Example:
"Great! My name is Sujata. You can reach me at [insert phone number] or [insert
email address]. Please feel free to contact me for any further details or updates
regarding the booking."
Step 8: Payment and Confirmation
Ask about the hotel's payment process and inquire whether they need a deposit or credit
card information to secure the booking. Once the payment details are sorted, ask for a
confirmation of your reservation, either through email or a confirmation number.
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• Example:
"How can I proceed with the payment to secure the booking? Do you require a
deposit or credit card information? Also, could you please provide a confirmation of
the reservation, either through email or a confirmation number?"
Step 9: Thanking and Ending the Call
Express your gratitude for the manager's assistance and confirm any next steps or actions
required from your side. End the call on a polite note.
Example:
"Thank you so much for your help! I appreciate it. Please let me know if there's anything
else I need to do or if there are any additional details I should be aware of. Looking forward
to our stay at the Ritz Hotel!"
Remember to be polite, clear, and patient during the call. Hotel staff are there to assist you,
and a friendly and courteous approach will ensure a smooth booking process.
4.Prepare a format for note taking or note making process.
Ans: Let's create a simple and effective format for note-taking or note-making. The key is to
keep it organized and easy to follow. You can adapt this format based on your personal
preferences and the type of information you're recording.
Simple Note-Taking Format:
1. Heading:
Purpose: Write a brief title or heading at the top of your page to indicate the main topic or
purpose of your notes.
• Example: "Meeting with Team - Project Update," "Physics Lecture Notes," or "Recipe
for Chocolate Cake."
2. Date and Time:
Purpose: Record the date and time of the note-taking session. This helps in tracking the
timeline and context of the information.
• Example: "Date: [Insert Date]," "Time: [Insert Time]."
3. Key Points:
Purpose: Jot down the main points or key information related to the topic. Keep it concise
and focus on capturing the essential details.
• Example: Bullet points or numbered lists for important facts, ideas, or tasks.
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4. Headings and Subheadings:
Purpose: Use headings and subheadings to organize your notes into sections. This makes it
easier to find specific information later.
• Example: If you are taking notes on a lecture, use headings like "Introduction,"
"Main Concepts," and "Conclusion."
5. Important Details:
Purpose: Note any details that stand out or require special attention. This could include
names, dates, numbers, or any specifics relevant to the subject.
• Example: "Important: Deadline for submission is [Insert Date]."
6. Questions or Ideas:
Purpose: If certain points spark questions or ideas, write them down. This encourages
further exploration or clarification after the note-taking session.
• Example: "Question: What is the process for [Insert Topic]?" or "Idea: Consider
incorporating [Insert Idea] into the project."
7. Visual Aids:
Purpose: Include simple sketches, diagrams, or symbols to represent information visually.
This can be particularly helpful for understanding complex concepts.
• Example: Draw arrows to illustrate a process or create a quick sketch to represent a
key idea.
8. Action Items or To-Do List:
Purpose: Identify any action items or tasks that arise during the note-taking process. This
helps in turning information into actionable steps.
• Example: "Action: Complete research on [Insert Topic] by [Insert Date]" or "To-Do:
Send follow-up email to [Insert Name]."
9. Summary or Conclusion:
Purpose: Summarize the main points or key takeaways at the end of your notes. This
reinforces the information and provides a quick reference.
• Example: "Summary: Key objectives for the project include [Insert Summary]."
10. Review and Revise:
Purpose: Take a moment to review your notes and make any necessary revisions. This
ensures accuracy and completeness.
• Example: "Review: Check for any missing details or additional information needed."
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Tips for Effective Note-Taking:
Be Concise:
• Keep your notes short and to the point. Avoid unnecessary details that may clutter
your notes.
Use Keywords:
• Focus on keywords that capture the essence of the information. This makes it easier
to scan and locate specific details later.
Abbreviations and Symbols:
• Use abbreviations and symbols that make sense to you. This can help save time and
space in your notes.
Consistent Formatting:
• Maintain a consistent format throughout your notes. This enhances readability and
organization.
Active Listening:
• If you're taking notes during a lecture or conversation, actively listen and capture key
points rather than trying to transcribe everything.
Color Coding:
Consider using different colors for headings, important details, or specific categories. This
adds visual clarity to your notes.
Regular Review:
Periodically review your notes to reinforce the information in your memory and identify any
gaps.
Digital or Paper:
• Choose a note-taking format that suits your preference, whether it's traditional
paper and pen or digital tools.
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Example Note-Taking Page:
.
Feel free to customize this format based on your needs and preferences. The goal is to
create a system that helps you capture and organize information effectively. Happy note-
taking!
5.How can speech be made effective?
Ans: 1. Know Your Audience:
Simple Explanation: Understand who you're talking to – are they students, colleagues, or a
mixed group? Knowing your audience helps you tailor your speech to their interests and
level of understanding.
2. Define Your Purpose:
Simple Explanation: Figure out why you're giving the speech. Are you informing,
persuading, or entertaining? Knowing your purpose helps you shape the content
accordingly.
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3. Clear and Concise Message:
Simple Explanation: Have a main point or message. Don't overwhelm your audience with
too many ideas. Keep it simple, clear, and focused.
4. Structure Your Speech:
Simple Explanation: Organize your speech like a story – with an introduction, body, and
conclusion. This helps your audience follow along easily.
Introduction:
• Simple Explanation: Start with a friendly greeting. Introduce yourself and briefly
explain what you will talk about.
Body:
• Simple Explanation: Present your main points here. Use simple language and
provide examples or stories to make your points more understandable.
Conclusion:
Simple Explanation: Summarize your main points and end with a strong closing statement.
Leave your audience with something to remember.
5. Engage Your Audience:
• Simple Explanation: Make your speech interesting. Ask questions, share relatable
stories, or use humor. Engaging your audience keeps them interested and attentive.
6. Use Simple Language:
• Simple Explanation: Avoid complicated words or jargon. Use words that everyone
can understand. It's not about showing off your vocabulary but about making your
message clear.
7. Practice, Practice, Practice:
• Simple Explanation: Practice saying your speech out loud. This helps you become
familiar with the content and improves your delivery.
8. Body Language:
• Simple Explanation: Stand up straight, make eye contact, and use hand gestures
appropriately. Your body language should match your words and convey confidence.
9. Tone and Pace:
• Simple Explanation: Vary your tone – speak louder for emphasis, softer for a
personal touch. Also, control your pace – don't rush, but don't speak too slowly
either. A natural and varied tone keeps your audience engaged.
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10. Visual Aids (if needed):
• Simple Explanation: If you're using slides or props, make sure they add to your
message. Keep visuals simple and easy to understand.
11. Connect with Emotion:
• Simple Explanation: Share emotions that match your message. If you're excited,
show it. If you're discussing a serious topic, convey sincerity. Connecting emotionally
makes your speech memorable.
12. Be Authentic:
• Simple Explanation: Be yourself. Don't pretend to be someone you're not.
Authenticity helps build trust with your audience.
13. Handle Q&A Confidently:
• Simple Explanation: If there's a Q&A session, be ready. Answer questions with
confidence, and if you don't know the answer, it's okay to say you'll find out.
14. Feedback is Valuable:
• Simple Explanation: After your speech, ask for feedback. What did people like?
What could be improved? Constructive feedback helps you grow as a speaker.
15. Learn from Others:
• Simple Explanation: Watch good speakers. This could be in person, on videos, or
even in movies. Notice what they do well and incorporate those techniques into your
own speeches.
16. Adapt to Your Environment:
• Simple Explanation: Be prepared to adjust based on the situation. If the room is big,
speak louder. If it's a small group, you can use a more conversational tone.
17. Use Humor Wisely:
• Simple Explanation: Humor can make your speech enjoyable, but use it wisely. Make
sure it fits the context, and avoid jokes that may be offensive.
18. Stay Positive:
• Simple Explanation: Maintain a positive attitude. Even if your topic is serious, show
optimism. People are more likely to connect with a positive speaker.
19. Time Management:
• Simple Explanation: Respect your audience's time. If you're given a specific time
limit, stick to it. If not, aim for a duration that keeps people engaged without being
too long.
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20. Reflect and Improve:
Simple Explanation: After each speech, think about what went well and what could be
better. Continuous reflection helps you improve for your next speaking opportunity.
Remember, effective speech-making is a skill that improves with practice. Don't be too hard
on yourself if you make mistakes; learn from them and keep getting better. Whether you're
speaking in front of a class, at a meeting, or any other setting, these simple tips can help you
communicate your message with impact.
6."Marriages are no more made in heaven". How do you view this proposition?
Ans: The proposition "Marriages are no more made in heaven" suggests a departure from
the traditional belief that marriages are predestined or divine matches. Instead, it implies
that contemporary marriages are influenced by various factors on Earth and are not solely
guided by a celestial force. Let's explore this proposition in simpler terms, considering the
changing dynamics of modern marriages.
Traditional Beliefs:
In the past, many cultures believed that marriages were predetermined by a higher power.
This idea often stemmed from religious or cultural beliefs that a divine force orchestrated
the union of two individuals. People would often trust that their life partners were chosen
for them by fate or a celestial plan.
Changing Dynamics:
However, in the present day, there's a shift in perspective. Modern society emphasizes
individual choice, personal preferences, and compatibility as essential components of a
successful marriage. People are more actively involved in selecting their life partners,
considering factors like shared values, interests, and goals.
Factors Influencing Modern Marriages:
• Personal Choice:
In contemporary times, individuals have the freedom to choose their life partners
based on personal preferences and compatibility. The emphasis is on personal
agency rather than predetermined unions.
• Compatibility:
Marriages are increasingly seen as partnerships built on shared values, interests, and
goals. Couples often seek compatibility to ensure a harmonious and fulfilling
relationship.
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• Social Dynamics:
Social and cultural factors play a significant role in modern marriages. While
individual choice is valued, societal expectations and cultural norms still influence
the decision-making process.
• Education and Career:
Education and career aspirations have become crucial factors in partner selection.
Many individuals prioritize finding a life partner who shares similar educational and
professional goals.
• Changing Gender Roles:
Evolving gender roles have contributed to a shift in power dynamics within
marriages. Equality and shared responsibilities are increasingly important
considerations for modern couples.
• Technology and Connectivity:
The advent of technology, including online dating platforms, has expanded the ways
people meet and connect. This has introduced new avenues for individuals to find
compatible partners.
• Economic Considerations:
Economic stability and financial compatibility are practical considerations that often
influence modern marriage decisions. Couples may assess their financial goals and
compatibility before committing to marriage.
Challenges to the Traditional Notion:
Divorce Rates:
The rising divorce rates in many societies challenge the idea of predetermined marriages. If
marriages were truly made in heaven, the assumption might be that they are destined to
last, which is not always the case in reality.
Cultural Diversity:
In a world with diverse cultures and belief systems, the idea of a universal celestial plan for
marriages becomes complex. Different cultures have varied perspectives on marriage,
further emphasizing the influence of earthly factors.
Individual Autonomy:
The growing emphasis on individual autonomy and personal choice contradicts the notion of
marriages being predetermined. People today are encouraged to make decisions based on
their own judgment and desires.
Secular Societies:
In societies that have become more secular over time, the influence of religious or divine
intervention in marriage decisions may be less prominent. People may prioritize secular
values and considerations.
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Personal Agency in Modern Marriages:
• Communication:
Effective communication is a cornerstone of modern marriages. Couples actively
engage in open and honest communication to understand each other's expectations,
concerns, and aspirations.
• Mutual Consent:
Unlike the traditional concept of arranged marriages, where individuals may not
have a say in the decision, modern marriages often involve mutual consent. Both
partners actively participate in the decision-making process.
• Adaptability:
Modern couples recognize the importance of adaptability and flexibility. Marriages
are viewed as dynamic relationships that require ongoing effort and adjustment.
• Shared Goals:
Couples often work towards shared goals, be it in terms of family planning, career
aspirations, or personal development. This collaborative approach fosters a sense of
unity.
• Emotional Connection:
Emotional connection and compatibility are highly valued in modern marriages.
Individuals seek partners with whom they can build strong emotional bonds and
share life's joys and challenges.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the proposition "Marriages are no more made in heaven" reflects a shift in
societal attitudes towards the institution of marriage. While the idea of divine intervention
may still hold significance for some, the prevailing narrative emphasizes human agency,
individual choice, and compatibility as pivotal factors in modern marriages. The changing
dynamics reflect a broader societal evolution where personal autonomy and shared values
play key roles in shaping the path to marital unions.
7.Explain phonatory system of organs of speech.
Ans: What is the Phonatory System?
The phonatory system is a part of our speech mechanism responsible for producing sound.
It involves various organs and structures working together to create the vibrations that
result in the sounds of speech. The primary organ in the phonatory system is the larynx,
commonly known as the voice box.
Components of the Phonatory System:
Larynx: The Voice Box
• Simple Explanation: The larynx is like a box located in your throat. It houses your
vocal cords and plays a crucial role in creating sounds for speech.
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• Function: When you speak, your vocal cords inside the larynx come together and
vibrate, producing the sound.
Vocal Cords (or Vocal Folds):
• Simple Explanation: Think of vocal cords as thin, stretchy bands inside your voice
box. They open and close to create different pitches and tones.
• Function: When you breathe, your vocal cords stay apart, allowing air to pass
through. When you speak, they come together, creating vibrations that produce
sound.
Glottis:
• Simple Explanation: The glottis is the space between your vocal cords in the larynx.
It's like a gap that opens and closes.
• Function: When you speak, the glottis opens to let air through, and when you're not
speaking, it stays closed to protect your airway.
Pitch Control Muscles:
• Simple Explanation: These are muscles around the larynx that help control the
tension in your vocal cords.
• Function: Tensing or relaxing these muscles changes the pitch of your voice. Tightly
stretched vocal cords produce higher pitches, while relaxed vocal cords produce
lower pitches.
Hyoid Bone:
• Simple Explanation: The hyoid bone is a small, U-shaped bone in your throat, just
above the larynx.
• Function: It provides support for the tongue and helps anchor the muscles of the
larynx, contributing to speech production.
Epiglottis:
• Simple Explanation: The epiglottis is like a small flap or lid located above the larynx.
• Function: During swallowing, the epiglottis covers the larynx to prevent food and
liquids from entering your windpipe. It acts as a protective mechanism.
The Process of Speech Production:
Now, let's understand how these components work together to produce speech:
• Resting Position:
When you're not speaking, your vocal cords are relaxed, and the glottis is open. This
allows you to breathe freely.
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• Initiating Speech:
When you decide to speak, your brain sends signals to the muscles around the
larynx, causing them to tighten. This action brings the vocal cords together, closing
the glottis.
• Vibrations and Sound:
As air from your lungs is pushed through the closed glottis, your vocal cords vibrate.
These vibrations create sound waves, which travel through your throat, mouth, and
nose, forming the sounds of speech.
• Changing Pitch and Tone:
To change the pitch of your voice, the pitch control muscles around the larynx adjust
the tension in your vocal cords. Tightening them produces higher pitches, and
relaxing them produces lower pitches.
• Articulation in the Mouth:
After the sound is created in the larynx, it travels through your throat and into your
mouth. The tongue, lips, and other speech organs in your mouth shape the sound to
form different words and sounds.
Final Output:
The shaped sound waves exit your mouth, and others hear the words and sentences you've
spoken.
Common Issues with the Phonatory System:
Hoarseness:
If the vocal cords are inflamed or irritated, they may not vibrate smoothly, resulting in a
hoarse or rough voice.
Pitch Problems:
Issues with the pitch control muscles can lead to difficulties in controlling the pitch of the
voice. This may cause a voice to sound too high, too low, or inconsistent.
Voice Strain:
Straining the voice by yelling or speaking loudly for extended periods can lead to fatigue and
strain on the vocal cords.
Laryngitis:
Inflammation of the larynx, often due to infections or overuse, can result in conditions like
laryngitis, affecting the quality of the voice.
Speech Disorders:
Some individuals may experience speech disorders related to the phonatory system,
impacting their ability to produce certain sounds or speak clearly.
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Caring for Your Phonatory System:
• Stay Hydrated:
Drinking enough water helps keep the vocal cords lubricated, preventing them from
becoming dry and irritated.
• Avoid Strain:
Be mindful of your voice. Avoid yelling or screaming, and take breaks if you've been
speaking for an extended period.
• Voice Rest:
If you're experiencing vocal fatigue or hoarseness, give your voice some rest. Limit
speaking and avoid whispering, as it can strain the vocal cords.
• Good Vocal Habits:
Practice good vocal hygiene, such as speaking at a moderate volume, using proper
breathing techniques, and avoiding clearing your throat excessively.
• Seek Professional Help:
If you consistently experience issues with your voice or notice changes in your
speech, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional or a speech therapist for
evaluation and guidance.
Understanding the phonatory system helps us appreciate the intricate process of speech
production. The coordinated efforts of the larynx, vocal cords, and supporting structures
contribute to the diverse and expressive nature of human communication. Taking care of
your phonatory system ensures the continued ability to articulate and convey thoughts
through spoken language.
8. Mark stress in following words :
(i) Chamber
(ii) Delicious
(iii) Embassy
(iv) Glory
(v) Mobile
(vi) Organic
(vii) Vacant.
Ans: Stress in English is the emphasis or prominence given to a particular syllable or word
within a phrase or sentence. In the English language, stress plays a significant role in
conveying meaning and intent. Let's explore the stress patterns in the given words:
(i) Chamber
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• Simple Explanation: Stress is the extra force or emphasis we give to a part of a word
when saying it. In the word "Chamber," we emphasize the first syllable, and it
sounds like "CHAM-ber."
(ii) Delicious
• Simple Explanation: In the word "Delicious," we stress the second syllable, and it
sounds like "de-LI-cious."
(iii) Embassy
• Simple Explanation: For the word "Embassy," we stress the first syllable, and it
sounds like "EM-bas-sy."
(iv) Glory
• Simple Explanation: In "Glory," we emphasize the first syllable, and it sounds like
"GLOR-y."
(v) Mobile
Simple Explanation: For the word "Mobile," the stress falls on the first syllable, and it
sounds like "MO-bile."
(vi) Organic
Simple Explanation: In "Organic," we stress the first syllable, and it sounds like "OR-ganic."
(vii) Vacant
Simple Explanation: For the word "Vacant," we emphasize the first syllable, and it sounds
like "VA-cant."
Understanding Stress in Words:
What is Stress in Words?
• Simple Explanation: When we say a word, some parts are pronounced with more
force than others. That force is called stress. It's like giving extra importance to one
part of the word.
Why Does Stress Matter?
• Simple Explanation: Stress helps us communicate better. It guides listeners to
understand the meaning or mood of what we're saying. Changing the stress in a
word can change its meaning.
Different Types of Stress:
• Simple Explanation: In English, we mainly have two types of stress: primary stress
(the strongest) and secondary stress (a bit less strong). The rest of the syllables have
no stress.
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Finding Stress in a Word:
• Simple Explanation: To find the stress in a word, listen for the part that sounds
stronger or more important. That's the stressed part.
Practice Sentences:
Let's use the stressed words in sentences to see how stress influences meaning:
Chamber:
• Original: The meeting will take place in the conference CHAM-ber.
• Without Stress: The meeting will take place in the conference chamber.
• With Stress: The meeting will take place in the CHAM-ber.
Delicious:
• Original: The chef prepared a de-LI-cious meal.
• Without Stress: The chef prepared a delicious meal.
• With Stress: The chef prepared a de-LI-cious meal.
Embassy:
• Original: The ambassador works at the EM-bas-sy.
• Without Stress: The ambassador works at the embassy.
• With Stress: The ambassador works at the EM-bas-sy.
Glory:
• Original: The athlete achieved great GLOR-y in the competition.
• Without Stress: The athlete achieved great glory in the competition.
• With Stress: The athlete achieved great GLOR-y in the competition.
Mobile:
• Original: The new MO-bile phone has advanced features.
• Without Stress: The new mobile phone has advanced features.
• With Stress: The new MO-bile phone has advanced features.
Organic:
• Original: We prefer to buy OR-ganic produce.
• Without Stress: We prefer to buy organic produce.
• With Stress: We prefer to buy OR-ganic produce.
Vacant:
• Original: There is a VA-cant seat in the auditorium.
• Without Stress: There is a vacant seat in the auditorium.
• With Stress: There is a VA-cant seat in the auditorium.
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Importance of Stress in Communication:
Meaning Changes with Stress:
Simple Explanation: Changing stress can change the meaning. For example, "a record
player" (a device) is different from "to re-CORD a song" (to save audio).
Expressing Emotion:
Simple Explanation: Stress helps express emotions. Saying "I LOVE you" with stress on
"love" is different from "I love YOU" with
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